SIZING
Sizing a disconnect
The code rule for motors: the disconnect must be rated at least 115% of the motor’s full-load current (NEC 430.110). For a 10 HP 480V motor drawing ~14A, that means a 30A disconnect minimum — and the common practice is the next standard size up. For non-motor loads, size to the load with the standard 125% continuous-load thinking. Horsepower ratings on heavy-duty disconnects are the shortcut: a disconnect HP-rated for your motor at your voltage is correctly sized by definition. When buying used: match or exceed the existing rating, never downsize — and verify the fuse class if fusible (Class R, J, or L rejection clips are not interchangeable).
QUESTIONS
Disconnect questions, answered.
What is a disconnect switch for?
To visibly open a circuit for safe servicing — and to provide lockout/tagout so only the servicing electrician can re-energize. Code requires one within sight of motors, HVAC, and major equipment.
Fusible vs non-fusible disconnect?
Fusible holds fuses (protection + disconnect in one); non-fusible is just the switch. Fusible costs more and holds more used value.
What does ‘within sight’ mean in the code?
Visible and not more than 50 feet from the equipment — so the person servicing the motor can see that the disconnect feeding it is open.
Are used disconnect switches worth anything?
Heavy-duty fusible units in common sizes are steady sellers; stainless 4X are premium. Photograph the label, blades, and enclosure rating.
What is lockout/tagout?
OSHA-required practice: the servicing worker locks the disconnect open with a personal padlock only they can remove — guaranteeing the equipment cannot be re-energized while they work on it.